Biologists like to say that reproduction is the ultimate investment, a costly gamble that shapes everything from lifespan to ...

How do animals decide when to fight and when to walk, fly, slither, or swim away? Most research on animal conflict has focused on the short-term costs of single interactions, but a pair of behavioral ...

City environments subject animals to noise, light, crowding, and fragmented habitats that subtly but powerfully reshape how they communicate.