Elephants seem easy to figure out with their big bodies, long trunks, and always walking in slow groups. But they’re not simple animals. Behind the usual facts are habits, abilities, and instincts ...

African elephant populations are sometimes thought to differ only by the location of the animals, but, evolutionarily speaking, forest and savannah elephants are as separate genetically as Asian ...

While bone is twice as tough (resists fracture), ivory has double the strength (withstands breaking completely). Ivory is harder (resists scratches and wear) and stiffer (less flex) than bone, which ...

We need the full suite of elephant-management options, applied with open minds, sound science, lessons learnt, transparency, ...