The Central Limit Theorem is a statistical concept applied to large data distributions. It says that as you randomly sample data from a distribution, the means and standard deviations of the samples ...

19th-century mathematicians thought the “roots of unity” were the key to solving Fermat’s Last Theorem. Then they discovered a fatal flaw. Sometimes the usual numbers aren’t enough to solve a problem.

Kaisa Matomäki has proved that properties of prime numbers over long intervals hold over short intervals as well. The techniques she uses have transformed the study of these elusive numbers. This ...

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The basic building blocks of the whole numbers remain mysterious.