A common technical challenge encountered in many operations management models is that decision variables are truncated by some random variables and the decisions are made before the values of these ...

Extropy has emerged as a pivotal measure in the quantification of uncertainty, serving as a complementary counterpart to the traditional concept of entropy. Unlike entropy, which is widely used to ...

Some fundamental properties of the empirical distribution function are derived in the case of independent but not necessarily identically distributed random variables. The distribution functions of ...

Explain why probability is important to statistics and data science. See the relationship between conditional and independent events in a statistical experiment. Calculate the expectation and variance ...