Coil spring force line control is an important aspect of spring design for coil-over-shock suspension type applications, such as MacPherson strut and coil-over-shock trailing arm applications, from ...

Spring technology for damping is relatively old. Stagecoaches had leaf springs, early trains had large, crude, coil-spring buffers (to absorb shocks when cars bumped together) and early automobiles ...

This article was originally published on Cycle World. Single-shock rear suspensions are near-universal today. Traditional twin-shock setups are still seen, but exist mainly for reasons of retro style.

Friction springs consist of radial rings that deform briefly and convert impact energy into frictional heat. Design them into your next design for damping. Carl Fenstermacher, President, Ringfeder ...