The induction of functional memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is a major goal of vaccination against intracellular pathogens. Interleukin (IL)-12 is critical for the generation of memory CTLs, and ...
Germinal centre-independent memory B cells are generated from CD38 + GL7 + activated B cells. These memory B cells may maintain broad reactivity to the activating pathogen. B1a and B1b cells can ...