There is no measurement that can directly observe the wave function of a quantum mechanical system, but the wave function is still enormously useful as its (complex) square represents the probability ...

The stochastic nature of renewable energy sources (RESs) necessitates treating power system frequency response as a random process with a nonstationary probability density function (PDF). Based upon ...

Discover how probability distribution methods can help predict stock market returns and improve investment decisions. Learn ...

The median is the middle number in a sorted ascending or descending list. It can be more descriptive of the dataset than the ...

In this paper, we consider the function f p ( t )= 2p X 2 ( 2p t+p;p ) , where χ²(x; n) defined by X 2 ( x;p )= 2 −p/2 Γ( p/2 ) e −x/2 x p/2−1 , is the density function of a χ²-distribution with n ...

Abstract: Probability density function (PDF) curves are among the few charts on a Cartesian coordinate system that are commonly presented without y-axes. This design decision may be due to the lack of ...

1 Department of Mathematics, Kotebe University of Education, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2 Department of Statistics, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The main purpose of this paper is to ...

Department of Basic Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Tokyo, Japan. According to the uncertainty principle, the motion of the single electron in the 1s orbit of a hydrogen atom ...

ABSTRACT: This paper presents a game theory-based method for predicting the outcomes of negotiation and group decision-making problems. We propose an extension to the BDM model to address problems ...